Describe the physiological response to exercise.

The physiological response to exercise is characterized by several important adaptations that prepare the body to handle increased physical demands. During exercise, the body requires more oxygen and nutrients to fuel the working muscles. Consequently, there is an increase in heart rate, which facilitates a higher cardiac output—this means the heart pumps more blood per minute.

As the intensity of exercise increases, so does the respiratory rate. This allows for greater oxygen intake and carbon dioxide expulsion, effectively optimizing gas exchange in the lungs. Additionally, blood flow to active muscles is enhanced as the body directs blood from less active areas, thus ensuring that skeletal muscles receive the necessary oxygen and nutrients critical for performance and endurance.

This combination of increased heart rate, elevated respiratory rate, and enhanced blood flow to the muscles collectively supports the body’s ability to sustain prolonged physical activity, making option C the accurate description of the physiological response to exercise.