What is an "ergogenic aid"?

An "ergogenic aid" refers to any substance, technique, or method that is used to enhance athletic performance. This definition encompasses a wide range of items including nutritional supplements, drugs, training techniques, and psychological strategies. The main goal of ergogenic aids is to improve physical work capacity, endurance, strength, or recovery, thereby allowing athletes to perform at a higher level.

For instance, some athletes may use caffeine as an ergogenic aid to improve endurance or focus during competition. Similarly, performance-enhancing drugs are also categorized under this umbrella, despite their ethical and legal controversies.

In contrast, the other options focus on aspects that do not primarily aim to enhance performance. Injury prevention methods and physical therapy are crucial components for athlete health and recovery but do not directly relate to enhancing performance in sports. Exercise techniques may improve skills or strength but are not classified as ergogenic aids unless they specifically lead to performance enhancement.