What term describes an excessive outward curvature of the thoracic spine?

The term that describes an excessive outward curvature of the thoracic spine is kyphosis. Kyphosis results in a rounded or hunched back appearance and can arise from various factors such as degenerative diseases, developmental problems, or osteoporosis.

Understanding kyphosis is essential for athletic trainers, as it can significantly impact a person's posture, balance, and overall biomechanics. This condition can lead to discomfort and may affect athletic performance by limiting the range of motion and increasing the risk of injury. Recognizing the signs of kyphosis allows for targeted interventions, such as strengthening and flexibility exercises, to mitigate its effects on the body.

In contrast, lordosis refers to an excessive inward curvature of the lumbar spine, while scoliosis describes a lateral curvature of the spine. Flat back is a postural condition characterized by a decrease in the normal curvature of the thoracic spine. Each of these conditions has distinct characteristics and implications that differentiate them from kyphosis.